TRIFORCE Writeup
Hacktivitycon 2021
Solved By : choco
This is a CBC AES encryption (Chained Block Cipher)
Suppose the plain text P is 64 bits long It is then split into 4 parts (16 bit each)
There is an initializer iv that is 16 bits long and key k (16 bits long) The cipher text for first part of P is
C0 = E(P0 ^ iv,k) and following chain goes like this Ci = E(Pi ^ Ci-1,k) i > 0
The decryption does like this
Where P0 = D(C0,k) ^ iv and following decryption goes Pi = D(Ci,k) ^ Ci-1
If the key k and vi are same, a vulnerability arises During decryption, P0 = D(C0,k) ^ k P1 = D(C1,k) ^ C0 P2 = D(C2,k) ^ C1
if we replace C2 with C0 P2 = D(C0,k) ^ C1
xor the result with any of the two inputs will give the other input D(C0,k) = P2 ^ C1 P0 = D(C0,k) ^ k k = D(C0,k) ^ P0 therefore, k = P2 ^ C1 ^ P0 so since we know P0,P2 and C1, we can easily find k
Hence all we need to do is to replace the 3rd block of ciphertext with the first block of cipher text, Xor the result of 3rd plain text block with 2nd cipher text block and xor that result with 1st plaintext block to get the key
Do this three times with the different keys above to get the flag
input: 616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161
Code for replacing ciphertext:
def listToString(s):
str1 = ""
for ele in s:
str1 += ele
return str1
def chunk(in_string,num_chunks):
chunk_size = len(in_string)//num_chunks
if len(in_string) % num_chunks: chunk_size += 1
iterator = iter(in_string)
for _ in range(num_chunks):
accumulator = list()
for _ in range(chunk_size):
try: accumulator.append(next(iterator))
except StopIteration: break
yield ''.join(accumulator)
string = "e5cc7f05f279ca152d3fbd32d899b55fec8de5d9ae3d62bac51195ddedc0863462021d3c51a4a56555ca95ff4303b764a02a2f44327cb2007d46de117900720a"
l = list(chunk(string,4))
l[2] = l[0]
print(l)
out = listToString(l)
print(out)
code for getting hex for part of flag:
def chunk(in_string,num_chunks):
chunk_size = len(in_string)//num_chunks
if len(in_string) % num_chunks: chunk_size += 1
iterator = iter(in_string)
for _ in range(num_chunks):
accumulator = list()
for _ in range(chunk_size):
try: accumulator.append(next(iterator))
except StopIteration: break
yield ''.join(accumulator)
string = "6227616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161616161e8c6e5dfb46432e2c2499084e899d462e6af4534aed0627d75f825c096970f36"
l = list(chunk(string,4))
c = "ec8de5d9ae3d62bac51195ddedc08634"
print(hex(int(l[2],16)))
d = int(l[2],16) ^ int(c,16)
print(hex(d))
e = d ^ int(l[0],16)
print(hex(e)) 
do this and replace each cipher for each key
each keys in hex = 666c61677b3831396639643864383337
32316163346334343262313635396633
36646632647d20202020202020202020
flag: **flag{819f9d8d83721ac4c442b1659f36df2d}**